Technology glossary
A short guide to the technologies in our stack — what they are, what they are for, and the role they play in projects.
TypeScript
A typed superset of JavaScript that catches errors earlier and makes code easier to maintain. We use it as the default language for the frontend and Node services so APIs, UI, and shared modules stay consistent.
JavaScript
The core language of the web. Still essential for tooling, browser APIs, and interoperability — TypeScript compiles to it for production.
React
A component library for building interactive interfaces. The foundation of our client UIs: reusable components, predictable state, and interfaces that are easy to grow and maintain.
Next.js
A React framework for production applications, with routing, rendering strategies, and deployment conventions. It lets us ship fast, SEO-friendly, maintainable web products.
App Router
The Next.js routing model based on the app directory, layouts, and server components. It organizes modern Next.js projects with nested layouts and control over rendering.
Pages Router
The classic Next.js file-based router. We support and migrate Pages Router projects when a product needs gradual modernization.
Redux
A predictable global state container for complex client applications. Useful when many features share critical state and need clear update flows.
Zustand
A lightweight React state library with a minimal API. We reach for it when shared UI state should stay simple, without Redux ceremony.
MobX
Reactive state management based on observables. It shows up in older React codebases that we maintain and modernize.
SWR
A React data-fetching library focused on cache and revalidation. It keeps remote data fresh and cuts unnecessary network traffic.
Axios
An HTTP client with interceptors and consistent request handling. We use it for typed API access and shared auth and error middleware.
React Query
A powerful async state library (TanStack Query) for server data. It manages cache, retries, and background updates in API-driven UIs.
Fetch
The native browser and Node HTTP API. We use it for lightweight requests and Next.js server-side fetching when a heavier client is unnecessary.
GraphQL
A query language and API runtime in which the client asks for exactly the fields it needs. Useful for flexible product data contracts.
WebSockets
A two-way communication channel for real-time updates. We use it for sync, notifications, and collaborative flows.
REST
A resource-oriented HTTP API style. Most integrations and backends expose REST endpoints with clear contracts and status semantics.
NextAuth
Authentication for Next.js applications (Auth.js). It connects providers, sessions, and protected routes to product auth flows.
OAuth 2.0
An authorization standard for delegated access. We implement OAuth 2.0 so users can sign in securely through trusted identity providers.
Clerk
A hosted auth and user-management platform. It speeds up secure sign-in, sessions, and organization features.
JWT
JSON Web Tokens — compact, verifiable claims. They protect APIs and carry session and authorization data between services.
HeroUI
A React component library with accessible primitives. It helps assemble polished UIs without rebuilding common patterns.
Tailwind CSS
A utility-first CSS framework for fast, consistent styling. It keeps design tokens and the spacing system aligned across the product UI.
MUI
Material UI — a mature React component system. We use it for dense admin panels and Material-aligned experiences.
Bootstrap
A popular CSS framework and component set. Still relevant in legacy UIs that we maintain or gradually rebuild.
Styled Components
CSS-in-JS with styles tied to components. Found in React codebases where styles travel with the components.
Sass
A CSS preprocessor with variables, nesting, and mixins. Useful in design systems and older stylesheets we still evolve.
Less
Another CSS preprocessor in legacy style pipelines. We maintain and migrate Less-based UIs when a project requires it.
Vite
A fast modern bundler and development server. Preferred for lean React tooling, libraries, and applications outside the Next.js path.
Webpack
A flexible module bundler behind many production frontends. We configure and optimize it in established pipelines.
Rollup
A bundler aimed at efficient library builds. Used when packaging shared modules and design-system packages.
AWS
The Amazon Web Services cloud platform. Hosting, storage, networking, and infrastructure that support web applications.
Vercel
A platform optimized for Next.js deployments. A strong fit for previews, edge delivery, and fast frontend releases.
Heroku
A PaaS for deploying web applications. Still used for straightforward hosting and staging environments.
Node.js
The server-side JavaScript runtime. It powers our APIs, tooling, and full-stack Node services.
Express.js
A minimalist Node.js framework. A proven choice for REST APIs and middleware-based backends.
Fastify
A high-performance Node.js framework with strong schema support. Used when API throughput and validation matter.
NestJS
A structured Node.js framework inspired by Angular patterns. It organizes larger backends with modules, dependency injection, and clear boundaries.
Docker
Containerization for consistent environments. We package applications and services so local, CI, and production stay aligned.
Kubernetes
Container orchestration at scale. Resilient workloads, rolling updates, and service discovery.
K3s
A lightweight Kubernetes distribution. Practical for smaller clusters and edge or lab environments.
Rancher
A platform for managing Kubernetes. It helps operate clusters, workloads, and multi-cluster setups.
Linux
The operating-system foundation of most servers and containers. The day-to-day environment for deployments and operations.
Nginx
A high-performance web server and reverse proxy. TLS termination, routing, and serving assets.
Apache
A classic HTTP server in many hosting setups. We configure and maintain it when a project depends on it.
MongoDB
A document database for flexible JSON-like data. Useful in product domains that change quickly.
MySQL
A reliable relational database. Common in e-commerce and business applications that need transactions.
SQL
The language of relational data. We design schemas, queries, and migrations so product data stays trustworthy.
ArangoDB
A multi-model database that supports documents and graphs. Used when both relationships and flexible documents matter.
Prisma ORM
A typed ORM for Node.js and TypeScript. It connects application models to SQL databases through a generated client and migrations.
Playwright
End-to-end tests in modern browsers. We use it to protect critical user paths in CI.
Puppeteer
Headless Chrome automation. Scraping, PDF generation, and browser-driven workflows.
Cypress
A popular end-to-end testing framework for web applications. It verifies UI flows with fast local feedback.
Jest
A JavaScript test runner for unit and integration tests. The default choice for component and tooling tests.
React Testing Library
Testing utilities that encourage testing React from the user's point of view. Assertions on behavior, not implementation details.
Storybook
A workshop for building UI components in isolation. Design-system documentation and visual review.
Git
Distributed version control. The foundation of collaboration, review, and release history on every project.
Bitbucket
Git hosting and CI from Atlassian. Used by teams standardized on Bitbucket workflows.
Yarn
A JavaScript package manager with workspaces support. Useful in monorepos and deterministic installs.
npm
The default Node package manager and registry client. The universal tool for installing and publishing JavaScript packages.
Figma
A shared design tool. The source of truth for UI specs, prototypes, and handoff into implementation.
Adobe XD
A UI/UX and prototyping tool. Still relevant when design work comes from Adobe XD files.
PHP
A server-side language widely used in web backends. Part of our historical stack on long-lived platforms.
Laravel
A full-featured PHP framework. It speeds up APIs, auth, and MVC applications with a rich ecosystem.
CakePHP
A convention-based PHP MVC framework. It appears in older products we built and maintained.
Zend Framework
Zend Framework (the Laminas line) for enterprise PHP. Used in platform work that needs structured PHP services.
Symfony
A solid PHP component and framework ecosystem. A good choice for reusable backend building blocks.
AngularJS
The original Angular 1.x framework. We maintain and migrate AngularJS frontends to modern stacks when needed.